Nanotechnology has contributed immensely to the field of tissue engineering by augmenting tissue engineered scaffolds with necessary properties which aid in tissue regeneration. More specifically, the nanoparticles modifications done on scaffolds impart multiple benefits such as enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation, controlled release of growth factors, and noninvasive monitoring of the tissue regenerative process. Different types of nanoparticles such as metallic nanoparticles, carbon nanoparticles, and ceramic nanoparticles are currently being explored for various tissue regeneration applications such as cardiac, bone, neural, and skin. These nanocomposite scaffolds will be combined with stem cells having regenerative potential to develop into functional tissues. Hence, it will be very important to get an overview regarding the recent progress taking place in this area with some potential challenges for clinical translation. The present book chapter aims to give a good overview of the recent developments with nanoparticle-based tissue engineering scaffolds and its future for translation in to useful products in clinics.
