Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex systemic disease associated with autoantibody production, immune-complex formation, and alterations in cellular immunity that can affect multiple organs. Respiratory system abnormalities may occur as a direct result of SLE-induced injury (e.g., lupus pneumonitis, microangiitis with alveolar hemorrhage), or more commonly, as a secondary manifestation of the immunosuppressed state. It is imperative to exclude infection and other secondary problems in patients with SLE who present with pleuro-pulmonary disease. High-dose corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment for most patients with primary pulmonary complications of SLE, with other immunosuppressive agents being reserved for refractory cases.
