Laboratory testing of biomaterials including: mechanical properties (strength, wear), applied properties (crown fracture strength, crown retention strength, bond strength), esthetic properties (translucency, gloss, staining), surface properties (contact angle, surface roughness, SEM evaluation), and bioactive properties (ion release, artificial caries models).
Clinical testing of biomaterials including: Class V retention studies, Direct restoration studies (Class I and II), Crown/cement studies, and bleaching studies