Positions

Selected Publications

Academic Article

Year Title Altmetric
2021 Comprehensive evaluation of risk factors for neonatal hearing loss in a large Brazilian cohort.  Journal of Perinatology.  41:315-323. 2021
2021 Vestibular, gaze, and balance disorders in asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  Pediatrics.  147. 2021
2020 Molecular characterization of Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates in the United States from 2012 to 2018.  Journal of Clinical Microbiology.  58. 2020
2020 Evaluation of commercial molecular diagnostic methods for detection and determination of macrolide resistance in mycoplasma pneumoniae.  Journal of Clinical Microbiology.  58. 2020
2020 SARS-CoV-2: Is it the newest spark in the TORCH?.  Journal of Clinical Virology.  127. 2020
2020 Contribution of congenital cytomegalovirus infection to permanent hearing loss in a highly seropositive population: The brazilian cytomegalovirus hearing and maternal secondary infection study.  Clinical Infectious Diseases.  70:1379-1384. 2020
2020 Erratum: Association of CMV genomic mutations with symptomatic infection and hearing loss in congenital CMV infection (BMC Infectious Diseases (2019) 19 (1046) DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4681-0).  BMC Infectious Diseases.  20. 2020
2020 Congenital viral infections continue to affect neonates.  Lancet Infectious Diseases.  20:152-153. 2020
2020 Maternal Cytomegalovirus Infection and Fetal Impairment: Uncertainty Remains.  Clinical Infectious Diseases.  70:174. 2020
2019 Association of CMV genomic mutations with symptomatic infection and hearing loss in congenital CMV infection.  BMC Infectious Diseases.  19. 2019
2019 A framework for assessing the lifetime economic burden of congenital cytomegalovirus in the United States.  Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation.  17. 2019
2019 Efficacy of inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine in rural India: a 3-year cluster-randomised controlled trial 2019
2019 Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus infections among pediatric kidney transplant recipients at a center using universal Valganciclovir Prophylaxis.  Pediatric Transplantation.  23. 2019
2019 Macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae in the United States as determined from a national surveillance program.  Journal of Clinical Microbiology.  57. 2019
2018 Seroconversion for Cytomegalovirus Infection during Pregnancy and Fetal Infection in a Highly Seropositive Population: "the BraCHS Study".  Journal of Infectious Diseases.  218:1200-1204. 2018
2018 Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Prevalence of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection.  Journal of Pediatrics.  200:196-201.e1. 2018
2018 Cytomegalovirus Shedding in Seropositive Pregnant Women from a High-Seroprevalence Population: The Brazilian Cytomegalovirus Hearing and Maternal Secondary Infection Study.  Clinical Infectious Diseases.  67:743-750. 2018
2018 Contribution of Breastfeeding to False-Positive Saliva Polymerase Chain Reaction for Newborn Congenital Cytomegalovirus Screening.  Journal of Infectious Diseases.  217:1612-1615. 2018
2018 Congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  Seminars in Perinatology.  42:149-154. 2018
2017 Breast milk human cytomegalovirus (CMV) viral load and the establishment of breast milk CMV-pp65-Specific CD8 T Cells in Human CMV infected mothers.  Journal of Infectious Diseases.  216:1176-1179. 2017
2017 Insight into long-Term neurodevelopmental outcomes in asymptomatic congenital cmv infection.  Pediatrics.  140. 2017
2017 Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection and Permanent Hearing Loss in Rural North Indian Children 2017
2017 Congenital cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy and the neonate: consensus recommendations for prevention, diagnosis, and therapy.  Lancet Infectious Diseases.  17:e177-e188. 2017
2017 Newborn Dried Blood Spot Polymerase Chain Reaction to Identify Infants with Congenital Cytomegalovirus-Associated Sensorineural Hearing Loss.  Journal of Pediatrics.  184:57-61.e1. 2017
2017 A targeted approach for congenital cytomegalovirus screening within newborn hearing screening.  Pediatrics.  139. 2017
2017 Pathogenesis of Non-Zika Congenital Viral Infections.  Journal of Infectious Diseases.  216:S912-S918. 2017
2017 Targeted Screening for Cytomegalovirus and Hearing Loss.  Journal of pelvic medicine & surgery.  70:10-11. 2017
2017 What to know about advances in CMV detection, prevention.  ASHA leader / American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.  22:18-20. 2017
2016 Cost-effectiveness of universal and targeted newborn screening for congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  JAMA Pediatrics.  170:1173-1180. 2016
2016 Clinical predictors of sensorineural hearing loss and cognitive outcome in infants with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection 2016
2015 Urine collection method for the diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus infection 2015
2015 Comparison of saliva PCR assay versus rapid culture for detection of congenital cytomegalovirus infection 2015
2014 Detection of congenital cytomegalovirus infection by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of saliva or urine specimens.  Journal of Infectious Diseases.  210:1415-1418. 2014
2014 Spectrum of disease and outcome in children with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  Journal of Pediatrics.  164:855-859. 2014
2013 Incidence of symptomatic A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods in a rural Indian community.  International Journal of Infectious Diseases.  17. 2013
2013 Genotypic diversity and mixed infection in newborn disease and hearing loss in congenital cytomegalovirus infection 2013
2013 Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: audiologic outcome..  Clinical Infectious Diseases.  57 Suppl 4. 2013
2013 Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: clinical outcome..  Clinical Infectious Diseases.  57 Suppl 4. 2013
2012 Estimated global mortality associated with the first 12 months of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 virus circulation: A modelling study.  Lancet Infectious Diseases.  12:687-695. 2012
2012 Design and initiation of a study to assess the direct and indirect effects of influenza vaccine given to children in rural India.  Vaccine.  30:5235-5239. 2012
2011 Detection and genetic diversity of human metapneumovirus in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in India.  Journal of Medical Virology.  83:1799-1810. 2011
2011 Mixed infection and strain diversity in congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  Journal of Infectious Diseases.  204:1003-1007. 2011
2011 Diagnostic consequences of cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B polymorphisms.  Journal of Clinical Microbiology.  49:3033-3035. 2011
2011 Saliva polymerase-chain-reaction assay for cytomegalovirus screening in newborns.  New England Journal of Medicine.  364:2111-2118. 2011
2010 Cytomegalovirus viruria and DNAemia in healthy seropositive women.  Journal of Infectious Diseases.  202:1800-1803. 2010
2010 Dried blood spot real-time polymerase chain reaction assays to screen newborns for congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey.  65:484-485. 2010
2010 In reply.  Journal of the American Medical Association.  304:408. 2010
2010 Dried blood spot real-time polymerase chain reaction assays to screen newborns for congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  Journal of the American Medical Association.  303:1375-1382. 2010
2010 Cytomegalovirus reinfections in healthy seroimmune women.  Journal of Infectious Diseases.  201:386-389. 2010
2009 Cytomegalovirus blood viral load and hearing loss in young children with congenital infection 2009
2009 Cytomegalovirus shedding and delayed sensorineural hearing loss: Results from longitudinal follow-up of children with congenital infection 2009
2008 Cytomegalovirus: A major cause of hearing loss in children.  ASHA leader / American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.  13:14-17. 2008
2008 Congenital cytomegalovirus infection in a highly seropositive semi-urban population in India 2008
2007 A Prospective Three-Year Cohort Study of the Epidemiology and Virology of Acute Respiratory Infections of Children in Rural India.  PLoS One.  2. 2007
2007 GJB2 and GJB6 mutations in children with congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  Pediatric Research.  61:687-691. 2007
2007 Impact of advanced maternal age on neonatal survival of twin small-for-gestational-age subtypes.  Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research.  33:259-265. 2007
2007 SGA subtypes and mortality risk among singleton births.  Early Human Development.  83:99-105. 2007
2006 Genetic variability in the G protein gene of group A and B respiratory syncytial viruses from India.  Journal of Clinical Microbiology.  44:3055-3064. 2006
2006 Risk factors for congenital cytomegalovirus infection in the offspring of young women: Exposure to young children and recent onset of sexual activity.  Pediatrics.  118. 2006
2006 Genetic diversity among respiratory syncytial viruses that have caused repeated infections in children from rural India.  Journal of Medical Virology.  78:659-665. 2006
2006 Hearing loss in children with congenital cytomegalovirus infection born to mothers with preexisting immunity.  Journal of Pediatrics.  148:332-336. 2006
2006 Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and hearing deficit.  Journal of Clinical Virology.  35:226-231. 2006
2006 Congenital cytomegalovirus infection following first trimester maternal infection: Symptoms at birth and outcome.  Journal of Clinical Virology.  35:216-220. 2006
2005 Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: Association between virus burden in infancy and hearing loss.  Journal of Pediatrics.  146:817-823. 2005
2005 Risk of congenital cytomegalovirus infection [2] (multiple letters).  Clinical Infectious Diseases.  40:1701-1703. 2005
2005 Investigation of the role of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in the etiology of enlarged vestibular aqueducts.  JAMA Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.  131:388-392. 2005
2004 Interval between births and risk of congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  Clinical Infectious Diseases.  38:1035-1037. 2004
2003 Natural vs Vaccine-Acquired Immunity to Cytomegalovirus [4] (multiple letters).  Journal of the American Medical Association.  290:1709. 2003
2003 Maternal Immunity and Prevention of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection.  Journal of the American Medical Association.  289:1008-1011. 2003
2002 Predictors of hearing loss in children with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  Pediatrics.  110:762-767. 2002
2001 Secondary maternal cytomegalovirus infection - A significant cause of congenital disease [1] (multiple letters).  Pediatrics.  107:1227-1229. 2001
2001 Intrauterine transmission of cytomegalovirus to infants of women with preconceptional immunity.  New England Journal of Medicine.  344:1366-1371. 2001
2000 Longitudinal investigation of hearing disorders in children with congenital cytomegalovirus.  Journal of the American Academy of Audiology.  11:283-290. 2000
1999 Symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection in infants born to mothers with preexisting immunity to cytomegalovirus.  Pediatrics.  104:55-60. 1999
1999 Symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection in infants born to mothers with preexisting immunity to cytomegalovirus..  Pediatrics.  104:55-60. 1999
1999 Newborn hearing screening: Will children with hearing loss caused by congenital cytomegalovirus infection be missed?.  Journal of Pediatrics.  135:60-64. 1999
1998 Intellectual Assessment of Children with Asymptomatic Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection.  Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics.  19:254-259. 1998
1997 Neuroradiographic findings in the newborn period and long-term outcome in children with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  Pediatrics.  99:409-414. 1997
1997 Progressive and fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss in children with asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  Journal of Pediatrics.  130:624-630. 1997
1996 Hearing loss and congenital symptomatic cytomegalovirus infection: a case report of multidisciplinary longitudinal assessment and intervention..  Journal of the American Academy of Audiology.  7:57-62. 1996
1995 Cytomegalovirus infection as a cause of hearing loss among children..  American Journal of Public Health.  85:734-735. 1995
1994 Reply.  Journal of Infectious Diseases.  169:937. 1994
1993 Congenital cytomegalovirus infection and neonatal auditory screening.  Journal of Pediatrics.  123:779-782. 1993
1993 Maternal Age and Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: Screening of Two Diverse Newborn Populations, 1980–1990.  Journal of Infectious Diseases.  168:552-556. 1993
1992 Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection and Maternal Antibody Status.  New England Journal of Medicine.  327:495-496. 1992
1992 The outcome of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in relation to maternal antibody status.  New England Journal of Medicine.  326:663-667. 1992
1992 The outcome of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in relation to maternal antibody status.  Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey.  47:544-546. 1992
1991 Sexually transmitted diseases in mothers of neonates with congenital cytomegalovirus infection.  Journal of Infectious Diseases.  164:259-264. 1991
1990 Reissner's membrane in aging, Meniere's disease, and profound sensorineural deafness.  ORL.  52:273-280. 1990

Chapter

Year Title Altmetric
2013 The Epidemiology and Public Health Impact of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection 2013
2007 HCMV: Persistence in the population: Epidemiology and transmisson.  795-813. 2007

Principal Investigator On

Investigator On

  • A Phase II, Single-Stage, Single Arm Investigation of Oral Valganciclovir Therapy in Infants with Asymptomatic Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection  awarded by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/NIH/DHHS
  • Acquisition of HCMV from Breast Milk-Correlates of Protection  awarded by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/NIH/DHHS
  • CMV Vaccines: Reinfection and Antigenic Variation  awarded by National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/NIH/DHHS
  • CMV Vaccines: Reinfection and Antigenic Variation  awarded by National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/NIH/DHHS
  • Comparison Of Commercially Available Diagnostics For The Detection Of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae, Including Macrolide Resistance Determination  awarded by CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/DHHS
  • Congenital CMV Infection in the Era of Option B in South Africa  awarded by UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA
  • Innate Immunity and Viral Renal Allograft Injury  awarded by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/NIH/DHHS
  • International Congenital CMV Conference and CMV Workshop  awarded by National Institute on Deafness & Other Communication Disorders/NIH/DHHS
  • Neuroimaging Findings and Hearing Outcome in Asymptomatic Congenital CMV Infection  awarded by KAUL PEDIATRIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE
  • Private Grant  awarded by MERCK SHARP & DOHME CORP
  • Private Grant  awarded by MERCK SHARP & DOHME CORP
  • The Natural History of CMV-Related Hearing Loss and the Feasibility of CMV Screening as Adjunct to Hearing Screening in the Newborn-CHIMES Follow On  awarded by National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/NIH/DHHS
  • Viral Diversity in Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection  awarded by National Institute on Deafness & Other Communication Disorders/NIH/DHHS

    • Education And Training

  • Doctor of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham 1990
  • Master of Sciences or Mathematics, University of Georgia 1981
  • Bachelor of Science or Mathematics, University of Alabama 1979

    • Full Name

  • Karen Fowler